Risti Saptarini Primarti,1 Intan Maulany,2 Irna Sufiawati,3 Ratna Indriyanti,1 Eriska Riyanti,1 Azhari,4 Inne Suherna Sasmita1

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Pediatric Dentistry Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Perinatal HIV infection has decreased adverse bone health effects and mineral accrual. HIV-infected patients have a multifactorial origin, including HIV bone cell infections, inflammatory cytokine effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activity and HAART. Our objective was to examine correlation between mandibular bone density and CD4 T cell with duration HAART in HIV infected children. We evaluated mandibular bone density in HIV-infected pediatric population using panoramic radiograph.

Method: The research design was cross sectional method and univariate regression analysis for sampling, mandibular density analysis using Spearman and Pearson correlation and HAART duration using Kendall correlation.

Result: Thirty-five HIV-infected children and seventeen non HIV-infected children were recruited. This study showed correlation between HIV and non-HIV infected children (p- value = 0,006). Correlation between CD4 T cell and mandibular bone density were significant (p-value = 0,06). Long term HAART and mandibular bone density have significant correlation (p-value = 0,0003).

Conclusions: There are correlation between mandibular bone density CD4 T cell and duration HAART in HIV-infected children. HIV infected children require regular mandibular cortical bone examination to detect the onset of osteopenia and osteoporosis in order to obtain appropriate therapy.